What Are LED Wavelengths?

What Are LED Wavelengths?

From flashlights to massive monitors designed for stadiums and arenas around the world, light-emitting diodes, or LEDs, have become very important electrical components. Designing fascinating equipment such as surveillance cameras, monitors, traffic lights and flashing LED display signs requires knowledge of electronics as well as the wavelengths that various LEDs use.


The Importance of Knowing LED Wavelengths
Knowing LED wavelengths allows circuit designers to determine what color of light will an LED emit. The wavelength of an LED is dependent upon the semiconductor material and not because of the color of the package or the plastic housing of an individual LED. Some LEDs are capable of operating at various wavelengths, meaning that these kinds of LEDs can emit two or three colors depending on which lead or combinations thereof are activated.

White LEDs
White LEDs come in incandescent white, pale white and cool white. These white LEDs have a wavelength range from 4,500 K to nearly 12,000 K. These LEDs make use of a silicone-carbide or gallium-nitride LED dye compound, intensity between 2,000 mcd and 6,000 mcd at 20 mA and a 20-degree viewing angle. LED dye material consists of either silicone carbide or gallium nitride.




Blue LEDs
Blue LEDs have a wavelength ranging from 430 to 505 nm, an intensity of 100 to 2,000 mcd and a viewing angle of 45 degrees for the blue-green kind of color and 15 degrees for the rest. Blue LED dye material would be silicone carbide or gallium nitride.

Green LEDs
The green LEDs have wavelengths ranging from 525 to 570 nm, 80 to 1,000 mcd intensity and indium gallium aluminum phosphide as LED dye.

Yellow LEDs
Yellow LEDs may range from super lime yellow at 585 nm to an almost-orange super yellow at 595 nm. These LEDs have an intensity of 100 to 7,000 mcd and would make use of indium gallium aluminum phosphide as an LED dye.

Orange LEDs
The orange LEDs have wavelengths that would range from a standard orange at 605 mm to only 625 nm for a super orange LED. The intensity goes from 160 mcd up to 6,500. The LED dye material used for these orange LEDs would be indium gallium aluminum phosphide.

Red LEDs
Red LEDs have wavelengths that range from 633 to 660 nm. They have forward voltages of 1.8 to 2.2, an intensity of 200 to 3,500 mcd at 20 mA, a viewing angle of 15 degrees and a dye material made out of gallium arsenic phosphide or gallium aluminum arsenide.



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